In light of the conversations around 2023 Human Rights Day, Libya is one African country where human rights abuses are common.
Development Diaries reports that since the overthrow of Muammar Gaddafi in 2011, the country has struggled to establish a stable and inclusive political system, leading to a proliferation of armed groups and a breakdown in law and order.
Arbitrary detentions, often without proper legal procedures, have been reported. Detainees may be held without charges, trial, or access to legal representation. Some detention facilities have been criticised for poor conditions and instances of torture.
Security agencies, militias, and armed organisations have continued to detain thousands of people without cause or trial; with some being detained for more than 11 years.
Libya has been a key transit point for migrants and refugees seeking to reach Europe. Human rights abuses, including human trafficking, kidnapping, and exploitation, have been reported against migrants and refugees, often at the hands of armed groups.
Also, the conflict in the country has exacerbated the vulnerability of women and girls to abuse, as gender-based violence (GBV), including domestic violence, sexual harassment, and discrimination against women, remains a concern.
Freedom of expression is not exempt, as journalists, activists, and human rights defenders have faced threats, harassment, and attacks. There have been concerns about restrictions on freedom of expression and the media, including censorship and intimidation.
The conflict has led to internal displacement, with many Libyans forced to flee their homes. Internally displaced persons (IDPs) often face difficulties accessing basic services, with challenging living conditions.
The human rights situation in the country is complex, and achieving sustainable improvements requires addressing the root causes of the conflicts and establishing a stable and inclusive political environment.
Development Diaries calls on the Libyan government to prioritise the establishment and enforcement of robust human rights laws that adhere to international standards, ensuring the protection of fundamental rights and freedoms for all citizens.
Also, the country must rebuild and reinforce key institutions, such as the judiciary and law enforcement agencies, which are essential to guaranteeing the fair and impartial enforcement of human rights laws.
Photo source: United Nations
